Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is emerging as the primary cause of chronic kidney disease, particularly in industrialized nations. It is crucial to note that substantial evidence indicates that immunity and inflammation play significant roles in the pathogenesis and DKD progression, although the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. Various molecules, signaling pathways, and cell types are implicated in DKD-associated inflammation. Traditional technologies have been inadequate in distinguishing the behaviours of resident renal cells from immune cells, complicating the understanding of their respective contributions to DKD inflammation. However, recent advances in omics technologies have transformed biomedical research by enabling comprehensive analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites in disease contexts, even at single-cell and spatial resolutions. These technologies facilitate the identification of key regulators in inflammation processes and offer insights into cell heterogeneity in DKD.

Integrating multiple omics layers, such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, within DKD patient cohorts offers significant potential. This approach not only facilitates a deeper insight into the disease's complexity but also opens up new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Omics-Driven Innovations in the Fight Against Diabetic Kidney Disease

Conclusion

Multi-omics technologies significantly enhance the understanding of inflammation and immune-related pathophysiology in DKD through comprehensive and unbiased analysis. The evolution of multi-omics from a research tool to a clinical diagnostic and prognostic pipeline holds promise for advancing precision medicine in DKD. This transition is anticipated to revolutionize the clinical management model for DKD patients.

Key Takeaways

• Multi-omics technologies are advancing from research tools to clinical diagnostics, promising to revolutionize DKD management with precision medicine approaches.

Reference

Hu X, Chen S, Ye S, Chen W, Zhou Y. New insights into the role of immunity and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease in the omics era. Frontiers in Immunology. 2024 Feb 29;15:1342837. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10937589/